Major Credit Agencies Agree to Changes Sought by Advocates

NEW YORK — The three largest credit-reporting agencies say they will change how they handle records, including making the dispute process easier for consumers and providing a waiting period before medical debts are reported. Consumer advocates have long sought a revamp.

Data collected by the agencies on hundreds of millions of people are used to create “credit scores” which can determine who gets a loan and how much interest is paid on that loan.

Under the changes announced Monday, people who contest items in their credit reports will receive additional information concerning those disputes, including instructions on what they can do if they don’t like the answer they get. In a bid to increase accuracy, medical debts won’t be reported until after a 180-day waiting period to allow time for insurance payments to be applied.

The agencies agreed to remove from credit reports previously reported medical collections that have been or are being paid by insurance companies.

This comes after a move in August by Fair Isaac Corp. (FICO), the company behind the FICO credit score, in which it announced that medical debt would have a smaller effect on the score. It also said at the time that debts that go to collection agencies and are repaid wouldn’t count against a consumer’s FICO score.

Equifax, Experian and TransUnion are honing their focus to better handle disputes with consumers and to help victims of identity theft and fraud.

The three credit reporting agencies will jettison reports on debts that didn’t arise from a contract or agreement with the consumer, such as tickets or fines.

The changes are intended to provide people with more transparency and more simple navigation when dealing with the bureaus that hold their credit reports. The announcement came after months of negotiations between Equifax (EFX), Experian, TransUnion and New York Attorney General Eric Schneiderman.

A working group will be formed under the agreement to regularly review consistency and to ensure that collected data is applied to consumers uniformly.

The changes will begin to be implemented over the next several months. Discussions with other attorneys general are ongoing and there remains the possibility for more agreements ahead.